Internal-combustion engine



Nov. 13, 1928. 1;691,174

A. E. WINCKLER INTERNAL C OMBUSTI ON ENGINE Filed March 26, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 13,

A. E. WINCKLER INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE Filed March 26. 1925 4 sheets-sheet 2 A. E. WINCKLER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Filed Maron 26, 1925 4 sheets-sheet 5 A. E. WINCKLER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEL Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,174

Filed March 26, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Nov. 13, 1928. .j

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AAGE E. 'WINCKLEB, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

INTEBNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led March 26, 1925. Serial No. 18,384.

The invention relates to internal combustion engines of the injection type.

One object of the invention is to provlde an internal combustion engine which. 1s adapted for use in vehicles.l Another object is to provide an 1m roved engine 1n which the mechanism for ceding fuel charges'under pressure to the engine cylinders is driven from the engine and adapted to be attached and detached from the engine casing. ,A nother object is to rovide an improved arrangement of the el feed mechanism with the engine which adapts the engine for use in motor vehicles. Another object is t`o provide an improved fuel feeding mechanism for forcing charges into an engine of the sleevevalve type and which is adapted for ready connection to the casing of such an engine. Other objects of the invention will appear from the detailed description.

The invention consists in the several novel features hereinafter set forth and more p articularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse section of an engine embodying the invention and applied to a vehicle. Fig. 2 1s a side elevation, parts being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a plan. Fig. 4 is a section through one of the engine cylinders and fuel injectors.

The invention is `exemplified in an engine B of the six cylinder type with the cylinders vertically arranged and longitudinally aligned. The motor vehicle com rises sills or side frame bars a, a radiator a or cooling the water circulated around the engine, a dash board a2, a steering post as and a suitable hood af under which the engine and its associated arts are disposed. The casing of the engine is provided with brackets a and m7 which are secured to the sills a so that the engine will be supported from the sills.

The engine casing comprises a body section b and a crank-case b2 which are secured together by bolts b3. Each cylinder comprises an inner wall b* and an outer wall b5 to form a water-jacket b around the cylinders. An air inlet port 127 and an exhaust port bs are rovided for each cylinder. A crank-shaft bn is suitably ournalled in the crank-casing and provided with cranks 512 which-are respectively connected by pitmen b1* to the working pistons 613 in the cylinders respectively. The engine is of the fuel-injection type and the upper end of each cylinder is provided with a head C which is secured to the cylinder casting by bolts c. The engine is of the four-cycle sleeve-valve t pe and comprises an outer cylindrical s eeve 25 which fits in the working cylinder b* and is operatively connected to an eccentric 26 on a valve-operating shaft 27 which is driven from the crank-shaft b in the ratio of 2 to l. Eccentric 26 is provided with an arm 28 which is pivoted at 29 to a lug on the lower end of sleeve 25 and'` is adapted to reciprocate said sleeve-valve in its cylinder b4. Each valve 25 is provided with a port 30 adapted to register with the air intake port 127 and with a port 3l adapted to register with the exhaust port bs -in the cylinder b* land inner cylindrical sleeve valve 32 is slidable in the sleeve valve 26 and is reciprocated by an eccentric 33 on a shaft 27 and an arm 34 fixed to said eccentric and pivoted at 35 to a lug on the lower end of sleeve valve 32. This inner sleeve-valve is provided with an air port36 which, when in registry with ports 30 and 127, will admit air into the cylinder every fourth cycle. The inner sleeve 32 is provided with a. port 37 which, during every fourth cycle of the piston, is adapted to register with the exhaust port 31 in the outer sleeve valve of an exhaust port bs in the cylinder b4. Each cylinder head C comprises a cylindrical wall c extending longitudinally of and into the working cylinder b4 and the sleeve valves 25 and 32 slide between said wall and said cylinder. Each cylinder head comprises an inwardly extending wall 05 which is inclined inwardly and upwardly and formed with an opening c6. A combustion chamber c7 is formed in the opening c6 and the wall around the chamber is extended upwardly to form a cylindrical portion 013. The piston 513 has a tip 015 adapted to enter the combustion chamber. The top closure for the water jacket 66, which is corn` mon to all of the cylinders, is formed by a head E which is fitted to the top of the. cylF inder casting to form a water-space e around the cylinder-head and the combustionchamber. Head E is secured in place by collars c3 rwhichare threaded to the extensions 018 and engage collars et.

An injector D is removably mounted in the cylindrical extension 013 of each cylinderhead C. Each injector D comprises a tubun lar casing d which extends and fits into the extension cl3 of the cylinder head C and is provided at its upper end with an outwardly extending flange al. A valve cl2, for controlling the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber, comprises a stem portion da which is longitudinally grooved to permit fuel to flow to its point d which is adapted to close against a conical seat d in a nozzle d4. This nozzle is formed to spray and separate the fuel as it is injected into the combusidns chamber, as well understood in the art.

A diaphragm d has its outer margin clamped between the liange al of casing d and an annular member d, which is removably secured to said flange. The inner margin of said diaphragm is clamped between an annular shoulder 49 on the valve stem and the lower end of a sleeve als which is movable with the valve. The sleeve cls lis forced into clamping relation with the diaphragm by a nut 52 which is threaded to the upper portion of the valve-stem. A chamber 48 is formed adjacent the underside of the diaphragm d to expose the lower face of the diaphragm to fuelunder pressure so that when the desired injection pressure is reached, the valve will be opened to inject a charge of fuel into the combustion chamber.

Member i12 forms a housing for a spring al, the force of which is applied to resist the movement of the diaphragm until a predetermined pressure has been reached. The upper end of this spring engages an inwardly extending flange X16 on member du and its lower end engages an annular shoulder d on a collar ai which is screwthreaded to the lower end of the valve-sleeve d8. Sleeve Z8 is provided with an olfset d in which is formed a conoidal seat d20 for a tapered plug al, which is connected by a flexible pipe Z22 to a suitable fuel pumping and metering unit.

The fuel passes into a chamber 41 in-plug 21 and thence downwardly through an inclined port 42 to an annular groove 43 in the valve stem. The latter is lon 'tudinally grooved, as at 44, to conduct fiiel to an annular groove 45 in the lower end of sleeve Z8 adjacent the top of the diaphragm d. An inclined cross-port 46 extends through the valve stem above the shoulder 49 and the diaphragm and downwardl divergent ports 47 extendfrom the centra portion of port 46 to the chamber or space 48 below the diaphragm d". A groove 50 is formed in the stem of valve d2, so that fuel will ow from chamber 48 longitudinally of the grooved portion d3 of the valve stem to the point d of the valve and the nozzle d4 A coupling ring 64 is adapted to connect the entire injector unit -to the collar e4 so that the injector ma be uncoupled from and coupled to the cy inder head C, as a unit. This ring 64 is screw-threaded to ring e and has an annular shoulder 65 to bear against the flange d on the upper end of the casing al. A ring 67 is confined in the coupling ring 64 above a shoulder 68, so that when the injector is being removed, the ring 64 will engage the ring 67 to forcibly withdraw the casing d and the parts sustained thereby from the cylinder head. The nozzle retaining sleeve d? is provided with a tapered shoulder 73 which engages a corresponding seat 74 in the extension 013 of the cylinder'- head C to form a fluid-tight connection between them. The coupling ring 64. engaging the flange d, jambs the casing d downwardly in said extension to maintain a fluid-tight fit between shoulder 73 and seat 74. The upper end of the valve stem is formed at 55 to serve as an abutment to engage an adjustable stop screw 56 to limit the range of movement of the valve stem and correspondingly var the volume of the charge of fuel injected uring each opening of the valve. j

In operation, the charges of fuel pumped through the pipe Z22 will be forced through chamber 41 and port 42 to groove 43 in the valve stem. Thence, the fuel will liow around the grooved portion 44 of the valve stem and through the inclined cross-portl 46 and the ports 47, 47 to the chamber y48 from which it will flow through the grooved portion d3 of the valve stem to the nozzle d4. The fuel in chamber 48, when it is subjected to the predetermined pressure desired, will act against the diaphragm dg and against the force of spring all and open the needle valve to inject a charge of fuel into the combustion chamber' of the. cylinder. The injector is morefully illustrated and described in an application (Case A), Serial No. 18,381, filed by mel March 26, 1925, to which reference may be had for further details thereof. The mechanism for feeding fuel under pressure to the cylinders of the engine constitutes a unit which is'enclosed in a casing adapted to contain lubricant and which may be connected as a unitary structure to the engine casing. This makes it possible to readil mount and demount the fuel feeding mechanism. This mechanism is illustrated and described in an application (Case C), Serial No. 32,550, filed b me May 28, 1925, to which reference may fie had for the details thereof. The casin for this mechanism is formed of vertica ly arranged sections and comprises a horizontally extending hollow base member g which is bolted at g2 to the crank case of the engine and is provided with an upwardly extending integral cylindrical member gs; a hemispherical section g4, which is bolted to the top of member g3 and contains the mechanism for operating the fuel pumps; a cylindrical section g5, in which the pitmen for operating the pumps are contained and which is bolted to section g4; a section g, in which are mounted the 'fuel pumps and the metering devices; and a this shaft is driven by a horizontal shaft.v

H2 which extends forwardly through the casing section g and journalled in a ball-bearing 71.14 at the front of said casing section and also at the rear thereof.y

A. sprocket pinion h, keyed to the front end of shaft H2, is driven by a suitable-chain from the shaft 27 `in the crank case of the motor. r1`his gearing drives the fuel feed mechanism in synchronism with the engine. As illustrated in said application, Serial No. 32,550, each fuel pump in the casing G, under control of a metering device, is adapted to force successive charges of fuel through a pipe Z22 which is connected to one of the injectors D. Said pipes are all arranged to have a constant downward slope from the pump to the injector to prevent the formation of air pockets in the fuel, which are likel to render irregular the volume of the charges delivered to the injectors. A desideratum in engines of this type is to insure the injection of uniform volumes of fuel and by forming these pipes with a constant downward trend, the formation of air pockets is prevented.

The invention exemplifies a multi-cylinder engine with a unitar struct-ure containing all of the elements o the .fuel feed mechanism which is vertically disposed at one side of the engine casing and which may be readily attached thereto and detached therefrom. The invention also exemplifies an engine in which the fuel feeding mechanism may be connected to a four cycle sleeve-valve type of engine as an attachment.`

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth, since these may be modified within the scope of the a pended claims, without departing from tie spirit and scope of .the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The combination of an internal combustion engine comprising a casin andv a series of cylinders, a fuel injector for each cylinder, a pluralit of sleevevalves in each cylinder, a shaft riven by the engine for operating said sleeve-valves, and enclosed fuel feed mechanism removably secured to the casing, and gear-inor driven by the shaft for driving the fuel eed mechanism.

2. The combination of an internal combustion engine comprising a casing and a series of cylinders, a fuel injector for each cylinder, a plurality of sleeve-valves for each cylinder, a shaft driven by the engine for operating said sleeve-valves, an enclosin and supporting casing containing fue -feed mechanism at one side of the cylinders and removably secured thereto, and gearing driven by the shaft for driving the fuel-feed mechanism.

3. rIhe combination of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a casing, an enclosing andvsupporting casing containing fuel-feed mechanism, disposed at one sidel of the engine casing and removably secured thereto, a :fuel injector in each cylinder, and pipes leadingfrom the enclosin casing to the injectors respectively, sai

pipes being. downwardly vinclined from thel casing to the injectors.

4. The combination of an internal combustion engine com rising a casing and a series of cylinders, a 4uel injector. for each cylinder, a casing disposed at one side of the engine casing and having a porti n thereof cxtending above the injectors, fue feed mechanism in said casing and comprising pum s, outlets for the pumps disposed above said 1 jectors, and pipes leading from said outlets to the injectors respectively, said pipes being inclined downwardly at a substantially constant slope.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 24th day of March, 1925.

AAGE E. WINCKLER. 

